Figure 8
From: Visual data mining based on differential topology: a survey

Topological changes in the intersection of two isosurfaces extracted from a function, where V is a bounded domain in R3. The images on the left and right show the function domain in R3 and the range R2, respectively. Here, images of singular fibers are represented as a line in the range [14]. (a) A single connected component in a fiber appears/disappears. (b) A pair of connected components merges/splits within a fiber.